Table 2 Classification of cannabinoids and some commercially available preparation
From: Cannabis-based medicines and the perioperative physician
Group | Where found | Major known Compounds | Substance found in | Trade name | Route of administration | Current uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Endo -cannibinoid | Endogenous within body | -Arachidonoyl ethanolamide (Anandamide) -2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) -Docosatetraenoyl-ethanolamide (DEA), -N-arachidonyldopamine (NADA), -Virodhamine, -2-arachidonylglyceryl, -noladin ether -dihomo- gamma-linolenoylethanolamide (HEA). | ||||
Synthetic cannabinoids | Chemically synthesised | Synthetic THC -(-) trans isomer of delta 9 THC | Dronabinol | Marinol® | Oral capsule (formulated in sesame oil) | US; FDA approved; -anorexia associated weight loss in AIDS patients -chemo induced nausea and vomiting * UK; not available |
Syndros® | Liquid formulation | US; FDA approved - anorexia associated weight loss in AIDS patients -chemo induced nausea and vomiting * | ||||
Synthetic THC analogue (single molecule) | Nabilone | Cesamet® | Oral capsule | US; FDA approved chemo induced nausea and vomiting UK; -chemo induced nausea and vomiting * | ||
Variety; mainly aminoalkylindole derivatives ie JWH-018, UR-144, PB-22 | Legal highs | Spice, K2, eclipse | Oral Smoked | |||
Phyto -cannibinoid (plant derived) | Cannabis genus; -cannabis sativa, -cannbis indica -cannabis ruderalis | THC content varies 1-22% CBD content varies 0.05-9% | Cannabis; Marijuana | Inhalation (commonly smoked) | UK; Illegal US; legalised for medical use in 29 states, recreational use in 9 states | |
THC content varies 1-22% CBD content varies 0.05-9% | Cananbis; Hashish | Oral | UK; Illegal US; legalised for medical use in 29 states, recreational use in 9 states | |||
Pure CBD (no psychoactive properties) | Cannabidiol | Oral capsule Oromucosal spray | ||||
Epidiolex | Oil | US;FDA approved for treatment resistant epilepsy | ||||
2.7mg THC and 2.5mg CBD per spray | Nabiximols | Sativex® | Oromucosal spray | US; not approved. Approved in 30 other coutnrie UK; MHRA but not NICE approved. MS induced spasticity | ||
2.5mg THC, 1.25mg CBD | Cannador | Oral capsule | German based research only |