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Table 4 Physical fitness, health-related quality of life (questionnaires) and physical activity at week 0 and week 9 between exercise and usual care control groups

From: The effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and an in-hospital exercise training programme on physical fitness and quality of life in locally advanced rectal cancer patients: a randomised controlled trial (The EMPOWER Trial)

 

Exercise

Usual Care Control

P value

 

Week 0, n

Week 9, n

Week 0, n

Week 9, n

 

Secondary outcome: EORTC C30 questionnaire (scale scores between 0 and 100 (best)

Global health status

63.9 (16.6),15

77.8 (13.0),12

63.5 (16.5),13

72 (19.5),11

0.668 a

Physical functioning

86.7 (73.3, 100.0),15

100 (86.7, 100.0), 2

86.7 (66.7, 93.3),13

86.7 (86.7, 100),11

0.782b

Emotional functioning

75.0 (66.7, 100.0),15

95.8 (66.7, 100.0),12

75.0 (66.7, 83.3),13

75.0 (50, 83.3),11

0.132a

Fatigue

33.3 (11.1, 55.6),15

11.1 (0.0, 33.3),12

33.3 (22.2, 55.6),13

11.1 (0, 33.3),11

0.603a

Pain

16.7 (0.0, 33.3),15

0 (0.0, 8.3),12

16.7 (16.7, 33.3),13

16.7 (0, 33.3),11

0.708b

Insomnia

33.3 (0.0, 66.7),15

16.7 (0.0, 33.3),12

33.3 (0.0, 66.7),13

33.3 (0, 33.3),11

0.248a

EQ5D questionnaire: usual activities

No problems doing usual activity

8 (53%),15

6 (46%),12

9 (75%),13

7 (64%),11

0.630a

Slight problems doing usual activity

4 (27%),15

4 (31%),12

3 (25%),13

4 (36%),11

 

Moderate problems doing usual activity

2 (13%),15

3 (23%),12

0 (0%),13

0 (%),11

 

Severe problems doing usual activity

1 (7%),15

0 (0%),12

0 (0%),13

0 (0%),11

 

Self-care

No problems washing/dressing

15 (100%),15

11 (85%),12

12 (100%),13

10 (91%),11

0.491

Slight problems washing/dressing

0 (0%),15

1 (8%),12

0 (0%),13

1 (9%),11

 

Moderate problems washing/dressing

0 (0%),15

1 (8%),12

0 (%),13

0 (0%),11

 

Pain/discomfort

No pain or discomfort

4 (27%),15

4 (31%),12

9 (75%),13

5 (45%),11

0.512a

Slight pain or discomfort

9 (60%),15

6 (46%),12

2 (17%),13

4 (36%),11

 

Moderate pain or discomfort

2 (13%),15

3 (23%),12

1 (8%),13

2 (18%),11

 

Anxiety/depression

Not anxious or depressed

10 (67%),15

5 (38%),12

9 (75%),13

5 (45%),11

0.111a

Slightly anxious or depressed

4 (27%),15

7 (54%),12

3 (25%),13

4 (36%),11

 

Moderately anxious or depressed

1 (7%),15

0 (0%),12

0 (0%),13

1 (9%),11

 

Severely anxious or depressed

0 (0%),15

1 (8%),12

0 (0%),13

0 (0%),11

 

Extremely anxious or depressed

0 (0%),15

0 (%),12

0 (0%),13

1 (9%),11

 

Health scale (between 0 and 100 (best)

69.6 (14),15

72.4 (15.2),12

78.8 (14),13

75.1 (20.3),11

0.040a *

Exploratory outcome: physical activity

 Step count

7058 (4981),12

7023 (5562),11

6321 (3456),13

6749 (2959),12

0.877a

 Sleep efficiency (%)

74.5 (8.3),12

72.1 (13.2),11

75.7 (10.5),13

74.4 (12.8),12

0.919a

 Energy expenditure (kcal/day)

2467 (676), 12

2326 (639),11

2376 (530),13

2424 (559),12

0.145a

 PA duration (min/day)

96.9 (79.5),12

89.5 (81.8),11

70.8 (51.2),13

81.2 (43.8),12

0.313a

 Sleep duration (min/day)

380.4 (75.7),12

373.9 (82.8),11

374.5 (86.1),13

361.6 (98.5),12

0.803a

 Average METS

1.4 (0.2),12

1.4 (0.2),11

1.3 (0.2),13

1.3 (0.2),12

0.525a

  1. Note: physical activity data is mean data over 3 days
  2. Data are presented as mean (SD) or median (IQR) except EQ5D data which is presented as n (%)
  3. Abbreviations: PA physical activity, METS metabolic equivalent threshold, n sample of patients assessed
  4. *P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant
  5. aP value following linear regression with the difference between week 9 and 0 adjusted for baseline
  6. bP value following Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test