Deep neuromuscular block reduces the incidence of intra-operative complications during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: a pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 2 Intra-operative complications according to ClassIntra grade ≥2 and other intra-operative variables

	A	B	C	D
Intra-abdominal pressure^g	Standard	Standard	Low	Low
Neuromuscular blockade^h	Moderate	Deep	Moderate	Deep
	(n = 401)	(n = 78)	(n = 29)	(n = 48)
Intra-operative complications (ClassIntra grade ≥ 2)
Total number	32 (8.0%)^a,d,e	2 (2.6%)^a,c,f	11 (37.9%)^b,c,e	8 (16.7%)^b,d,f
Grade 2	30 (7.5%)	2 (2.6%)	10 (34.5%)	8 (16.7%)
Grade 3	2 (0.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Grade 4	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (3.4%)	0 (0.0%)
Type of complication
Bleeding	13 (40.6%)	2 (100%)	10 (90.9%)	7 (87.5%)
Organ laceration	16 (50.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (9.1%)	1 (12.5%)
Bleeding and organ laceration	2 (6.3%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Otherⁱ	1 (3.1%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Operation time (min)	210.5 (± 73.7)	130.4 (±41.8)	155.2 (±39.9)	119.7 (±33.2)
Estimated blood loss (ml)	62.3 (±69.6)	45.8 (±58.7)	245.7 (±499.8)	76.1 (±128.5)
Conversion to open procedure	2 (3.4%)	1 (1.3%)	4 (13.8%)	3 (6.3%)

Chi-square testing: ^aA vs B, p = 0.088; ^bC vs D, p = 0.109; ^cB vs C, p < 0.001; ^dA vs D, p = 0.076; ^eA vs C, p < 0.001; ^fB vs D, p = 0.009
^gStandard pressure 12–14 mmHg; low pressure 6–7 mmHg
^hModerate blockade: single dose rocuronium or TOF count 1–2; deep blockade: PTC 1–2 or PTC 1–5
ⁱRe-laparoscopic procedure for lost gauze (1×)

ISSN: 2047-0525