From: Preeclamptic heart failure — perioperative concerns and management: a narrative review
Cardiac factors | Hemodynamic factors | Intravascular fluid status | Others |
---|---|---|---|
• Myocardial ischemia • Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias | • Increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure (acute hypertension) • Increased endothelial permeability • Decrease in intravascular oncotic pressure (albumin loss, postpartum autotransfusion) | • Autotransfusion after delivery • Iatrogenic fluid overload • Uterotonics (oxytocin) | • Pain • Anxiety • Labor • Anesthesia |