Table 1 General characteristics of the patients with or without POD
Variable | POD (n = 35) | Non-POD (n = 976) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 83 (74, 86) | 71 (67, 77) | 0.000 |
Gender (male/female) | 21/14 | 406/570 | 0.030 |
ASA (I/II/III/IV) | 0/14/20/1 | 11/772/191/2 | 0.000 |
NYHA (I/II/III/IV) | 10/19/6/0 | 314/626/36/0 | 0.000 |
Operative type (trunk bone fracture/limb bone fracture/joint replacement/tendon surgery/trunk and limbs) | 3/22/10/0/0 | 186/610/177/1/2 | 0.395 |
Education (illiteracy/primary school/junior high school/senior high school and above) | 17/15/3/0 | 556/332/72/16 | 0.609 |
Smoking (yes/no) | 7/28 | 121/855 | 0.184 |
Alcohol (yes/no) | 4/31 | 86/890 | 0.593 |
Comorbidity | |||
CAD (yes/no) | 5/30 | 74/902 | 0.147 |
Hypertension (yes/no) | 16/19 | 372/604 | 0.364 |
Arrhythmia (yes/no) | 14/21 | 166/810 | 0.000 |
DM (yes/no) | 1/34 | 90/886 | 0.196 |
Pulmonary disease | 16/19 | 138/838 | 0.000 |
Precognitive impairment | 9/26 | 10/966 | 0.000 |
Preoperative blood test | |||
Cr (mmol/L) | 71 (61, 78) | 59 (50, 69) | 0.001 |
Hb (g/L) | 104 (97, 118) | 120 (107, 132) | 0.000 |
WBC (*109) | 6.44 (4.13, 8.86) | 6.44 (5.22, 8.11) | 0.415 |
NLR (%) | 6.34 (3.80, 9.63) | 3.75 (2.50, 6.00) | 0.000 |
Preoperative sedation (yes/no) | 9/26 | 254/722 | 0.967 |
Anesthesia method (GA/SEA/NB/GA combined with LA /LA or basic anesthesia) | 8/16/0/2/9/0 | 292/352/123/55/133 | 0.072 |
Bleeding (ml) | 100 (20, 200) | 200 (100, 300) | 0.000 |
Fluid (ml) | 1200 (600, 1700) | 750 (500, 1200) | 0.015 |
Surgical time (min) | 115 (73, 158) | 100 (70, 135) | 0.274 |
Transfusion (yes/no) | 15/20 | 178/790 | 0.000 |
Postoperative analgesia (no analgesia/systemic medication/NB/LA/systemic medication combined with others) | 6/29/0/0/0 | 331/623/3/9/10 | 0.237 |
Postoperative_pain (yes/no) | 5/30 | 167/809 | 0.662 |
ICU (yes/no) | 2/33 | 29/947 | 0.355 |
LOS (d) | 13 (11, 15) | 9 (6, 14) | 0.000 |