Table 1 Overall schedule of participants

Enrollment:

 Eligibility screen

X

 Informed consent

X

 Allocation

X

Interventions:

 Propofol group

X

 Remimazolam group

X

Assessments:

 Baseline variables

X

 Frailty, fall-down, and functionality assessment

X

X

 Cognitive assessment (MoCA)

X

X*

X

 Intraoperative data

X

X

 Intraoperative adverse events

X 

X 

 Delirium assessment (CAM-ICU, 3D-CAM)

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

 Quality of recovery

X

 Pain score and opioid requirement

X

X

X

X

X

 Postoperative neurologic and non-neurologic complications

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X