Table 2 Differences in clinicopathological variables between surgical outcome groups

Age, years

68.3 (59.5, 74.6)

72.2 (69.3, 80.6)

0.012

Sex

0.510

 Female

75 (8.1%)

1 (4.3%)

 Male

848 (91.9%)

22 (95.7%)

Body mass index, kg/m²

23.2 (21.2, 25.0)

23.8 (21.8, 25.7)

0.320

Married

0.190

 No

277 (30.0%)

4 (17.4%)

 Yes

646 (70.0%)

19 (82.6%)

Benign prostate hypertrophy

156 (16.9%)

8 (34.8%)

0.025

Charlson comorbidity index score

0.780

 ≤ 2

658 (71.3%)

17 (73.9%)

 > 2

265 (28.7%)

6 (26.1%)

American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status

0.120

 < 3

549 (59.5%)

10 (43.5%)

 ≥ 3

374 (40.5%)

13 (56.5%)

Minimally invasive surgery

14 (1.5%)

0 (0.0%)

0.550

Bilateral repair

64 (6.9%)

2 (8.7%)

0.740

Spinal anesthesia

234 (25.4%)

5 (21.7%)

0.690

Volume of intraoperative fluid

400.0 (200.0, 500.0)

500.0 (250.0, 600.0)

0.040

Potency of anesthetics

 Short-acting

824 (89.3%)

21 (91.3%)

0.760

 Intermediate-acting

531 (57.5%)

11 (47.8%)

0.350

 Long-acting

308 (33.4%)

6 (26.1%)

0.460

Narcotic analgesics

743 (80.5%)

17 (73.9%)

0.430

Use of intraoperative vasopressors

343 (37.2%)

9 (39.1%)

0.850

Major complications

1 (0.1%)

0 (0.0%)

0.870

Length of hospital stay

3.0 (3.0, 3.0)

3.0 (3.0, 4.0)

0.008

Surgery duration (minutes)

69.0 (52.0, 86.0)

63.0 (54.0, 83.0)

0.950

Blood loss (ml)

0.0 (0.0, 0.0)

0.0 (0.0, 0.0)

0.120

Hernia repair done by general surgeons

581 (62.9%)

15 (65.2%)

0.820