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Table 4 Generalized estimating equation models for intraoperative MME/kg

From: Opioid administration across racial and ethnic groups for patients undergoing liver resection: are there disparities?

Predictors

Intraoperative MME/kg

Estimates

95% CI

p value

Race

   

 White

–

–

–

 Asian

1.04

0.94–1.15

0.42

 Black

0.91

0.82–1.00

0.054

 Hispanic

1.03

0.91–1.18

0.60

 Other

1.03

0.91–1.16

0.67

Age

1.00

0.99–1.00

0.004

Sex (male)

0.90

0.83–0.97

0.01

Surgery year

   

 2012

–

–

–

 2013

1.06

0.96–1.18

0.25

 2014

1.25

1.12–1.39

 < 0.001

 2015

1.31

1.19–1.43

 < 0.001

 2016

1.13

1.01–1.25

0.03

 2017

1.16

1.00–1.34

0.04

 2018

1.16

0.95–1.42

0.15

 2019

0.76

0.62–0.93

0.01

Diagnosis

   

 HCC

–

–

–

 Cholangiocarcinoma

0.98

0.87–1.12

0.81

 Gallbladder carcinoma

0.88

0.73–1.06

0.18

 Non-liver primary

0.94

0.86–1.03

0.21

 Other

0.80

0.71–0.90

 < 0.001

Regional analgesia used

1.47

1.38–1.57

 < 0.001

INR

0.89

0.68–1.14

0.35

Platelets (× 109/L)

0.999

0.996–1.0002

0.48

Creatinine (mg/dL)

0.96

0.94–0.97

 < 0.001

Surgery duration (min)

1.0018

1.0015–1.0012

 < 0.001

  1. The White patient cohort, surgery in the year 2012, and a diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma were used as reference groups. PCA use and postoperative analgesics were not included in the model for intraoperative MME/kg. p values < 0.05 are bolded
  2. INR international normalized ratio, HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, PCA patient-controlled analgesia
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Perioperative Medicine

ISSN: 2047-0525