Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on perioperative neurocognitive disorder in elderly patients undergoing major surgery and associated genetic variant analysis: a randomized clinical trial

Table 1 Patient characteristics and perioperative data

Variable	Control Group (n = 57)	RIPC Group (n = 59)	P
Age (years)	66.26 ± 4.38	66.45 ± 5.57	0.842
Male, n (%)	34(60)	40(68)	0.000
BMI (kg/m²)	25.63 ± 4.39	24.63 ± 3.28	0.599
ASA, II/III	57/0	59/0
Educational level, n (%)			0.087
Primary	7(12)	3 (5)
Junior high school	13 (23)	19 (32)
Senior high school	30 (53)	21 (36)
College degree	7 (12)	16 (27)
Smoking, n (%)	10 (18)	14 (24)	0.000
Drinking, n (%)	14 (25)	12 (20)	0.000
Hypertension, n (%)	27 (47)	28(48)	0.000
Diabetes, n (%)	6(11)	9 (15)	0.000
Mild liver disease, n (%)	5 (9)	10 (17)	0.000
MMSE	26 ± 1.3	26.23 ± 1.29	0.44
PHQ-9	2.65 ± 2.68	2.70 ± 2.47	0.924
Total liquid intake (mL)	2829.35 ± 1001.28	2700.78 ± 934.87	0.476
Intraoperative bleeding(mL)	315.71 ± 261.51	310.34 ± 306.86	0.920
Anesthesia duration (minute)	244.07 ± 75.85	248.31 ± 87.59	0.782
Surgery duration (minute)	206.04 ± 66.43	209.63 ± 82.73	0.80
Length of stay (day)	6.94 ± 4.40	6.95 ± 3.54	0.998

Note: Chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis without portal hypertension were defined as mild liver disease (NCI Thesaurus Code: C188393)

ISSN: 2047-0525